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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Terkiface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"table, portable tableface="Times New Roman Star"столик
face="Times New Roman Star"tergi (MK, KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"tirki (CCum.)



















face="Times New Roman Star"tirki 'sacrificial table'


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 475, EDT 544.
face="Times New Roman Star"*terku" ( ? -i-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"saddle strapsface="Times New Roman Star"торока
face="Times New Roman Star"tergu" (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"terki `rear saddlebow'
face="Times New Roman Star"terki (Pav. C.), (MKypch.) tergu" (Houts.)


face="Times New Roman Star"ta"rk `place behind the saddle'face="Times New Roman Star"tirkis?face="Times New Roman Star"tirg@face="Times New Roman Star"terigface="Times New Roman Star"terki
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rt `back, back side', tu"rt-l@x 'чресседельник'face="Times New Roman Star"to"rgu":
face="Times New Roman Star"dergi










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 475-476, EDT 544, TMN 2, 499-500. The stem is connected - in a somewhat unclear fashion - with *tirke- 'to hitch' (derived from tiz- 'to string' in Хелимский 1986 and Дыбо 1995, 282 - but the latter should be properly reconstructed as *dir/-, so this derivation is by no means certain). External evidence suggests that *-i- is original here; the vowel *-e- in *terku" may be due to the influence of *de:r-ke- 'to gather; equip' (see *de:r-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*te:kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 odd 2 only, solitary 3 understanding nothing 4 zero 5 vain, in vainface="Times New Roman Star"1 нечетный 2 единственный, только 3 ничего не понимающий 4 ноль 5 напрасный, напрасноface="Times New Roman Star"tek 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tek 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"tek 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"tik 2face="Times New Roman Star"tek 2 (Sangl.)


face="Times New Roman Star"ta"k 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ta":k 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"tik 3face="Times New Roman Star"tek 5




face="Times New Roman Star"tik 3, tek 3, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"tek 5face="Times New Roman Star"tek 2face="Times New Roman Star"tek 2face="Times New Roman Star"tik 2face="Times New Roman Star"tegaran 2face="Times New Roman Star"tek 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"tek 2face="Times New Roman Star"tegin 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tek 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 470, TMN 2, 660, EDT 475. Turk. > Mong. Khalkha teg `zero', Kalm. teg 'kurz, niedrig' (KW 389).
face="Times New Roman Star"*te:lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 wire, string 2 thong 3 strandface="Times New Roman Star"1 волосок, струна, проволока 2 ремешок, которым привязан наконечник стрелы 3 прядь, пучок нитей
face="Times New Roman Star"tili 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1




face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1face="Times New Roman Star"til 1



face="Times New Roman Star"tal 3





face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1

face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1


face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 471, EDT 491. Turk. > NPers., Kurd., Osset. tel etc. Bailey 129 cites Saka tti:la 'thread, wire' and considers it the source of Turkic forms, tracing it back to *tart|rya - cf. Pers. ta:r < *tart|ra. However there are no direct Iranian parallels for the Saka form (cf. Аб. 3, 288, maintaining that the Osset. and Kurd. form do not go back to Proto-Iranian but are borrowed from neighbouring languages); so the word may well be a Turkism in Saka and other Iranian languages. The Turkic origin is also corroborated by the Chuv. parallel.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Te:.lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to put the kid or calf to a different milch-ewe or cow 2 a kid or calf sucking two milch-ewes or cowsface="Times New Roman Star"1 отдать ягненка другой кормящей самке 2 теленок, сосущий двух маток
face="Times New Roman Star"tel- (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tile- 1







face="Times New Roman Star"telkin 'roe (female)'

face="Times New Roman Star"ti:l 2, tilij- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tel 2
face="Times New Roman Star"teli- 1, tel 2face="Times New Roman Star"tel- 1, tel 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tile- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"teli- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 490 (sub 'to pierce'), VEWT 471. Turk. > MMo, WMong. tel, teleg|e id. (see Щербак 1997, 166).
face="Times New Roman Star"*te:r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to run away, flee 2 swift; scary, shyface="Times New Roman Star"1 убегать 2 быстрый; пугливый, робкийface="Times New Roman Star"tez- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tez- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tez 2
face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) dez- 1 (AH)
face="Times New Roman Star"ta"z- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ta"z- 1, ta"z 2face="Times New Roman Star"tez- 1, ti:z 2face="Times New Roman Star"tis- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ta"z- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tar- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tehi: 2face="Times New Roman Star"tehi: 2face="Times New Roman Star"des- 1face="Times New Roman Star"des- 1









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 477, EDT 572, Stachowski 220. Turk. > Pers. ti:z (not vice versa, as sometimes suggested).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ti-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of biting insectface="Times New Roman Star"вид кусающего насекомогоface="Times New Roman Star"ti-ler (OUygh.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"See EDT 501: the word is located in a list of harmful biting insects, between flies and ants.
face="Times New Roman Star"*T(i)adunface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 a one- or two-year old calf 2 oxface="Times New Roman Star"1 годовалый или двухгодовалый теленок 2 вол
face="Times New Roman Star"tad|un (MK) 1







face="Times New Roman Star"tazyn 2

















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 457.
face="Times New Roman Star"*t(i)agar(a)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 an earthenware dish 2 troughface="Times New Roman Star"1 глиняное блюдо 2 корыто
face="Times New Roman Star"tag|ara (Tefs.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"t.agar 'dish' (Osm.)face="Times New Roman Star"tag|araq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tag|ar 1


face="Times New Roman Star"taGara 2






face="Times New Roman Star"ta:qtyg 'barrel'










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 471, VEWT 454, Радлов 3, 796-797. Should be distinguished from *dagar 'sack' (confused in ЭСТЯ 3, 120-122 and TMN 2, 512-519 - here with an additional confusion with *dabar 'wares').
face="Times New Roman Star"*tiakygu (/ -n|u)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hen, fowlface="Times New Roman Star" курицаface="Times New Roman Star"taqyg|u (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"taqag|u (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tavukface="Times New Roman Star"tawyqface="Times New Roman Star"tag|uq, tawuq (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to|wuqface="Times New Roman Star"toxa, toxuface="Times New Roman Star"taqag|yface="Times New Roman Star"tojuGface="Times New Roman Star"towuqface="Times New Roman Star"tag|ax, tan|ax
face="Times New Roman Star"taqa:
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ъxъ

face="Times New Roman Star"da'g|a:face="Times New Roman Star"taqqyn/aq (perhaps < Mong.)face="Times New Roman Star"to:kface="Times New Roman Star"tawyqface="Times New Roman Star"tawyqface="Times New Roman Star"tawyqface="Times New Roman Star"tawuqface="Times New Roman Star"tauqface="Times New Roman Star"tawuqface="Times New Roman Star"tawyqface="Times New Roman Star"tox (Kakuk)face="Times New Roman Star"tawuqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 457, EDT 468, TMN 2, 441-442, Егоров 321. Turk. > Hung. tyu/k, see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*T(i)a:na-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"nostrilface="Times New Roman Star"ноздря


face="Times New Roman Star"tanaw





face="Times New Roman Star"tany:



face="Times New Roman Star"tany:
face="Times New Roman Star"tanaq



face="Times New Roman Star"tanau 'nose'





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 460, Лексика 218. Because of late attestation borrowing from Mong. is not excluded; but it is not quite probable for phonetic reasons.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tik-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to hate, fearface="Times New Roman Star"ненавидеть, бояться

face="Times New Roman Star"tiksin-




face="Times New Roman Star"diksin-face="Times New Roman Star"tiksin-








face="Times New Roman Star"tikiren|de- 'to assault viciously'face="Times New Roman Star"tik-baqaj 'stubborn, violent', tikiren|de- id.

face="Times New Roman Star"tiklik 'tension (of relations)'




face="Times New Roman Star"Somewhat unclear voicing in Az. See Дыбо 1991.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tiko"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"slice, pieceface="Times New Roman Star"часть, кусок
face="Times New Roman Star"tiku" (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tike
face="Times New Roman Star"tike (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"tika"face="Times New Roman Star"tike


face="Times New Roman Star"tike




face="Times New Roman Star"bir tike 'a little bit'








face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 2, 918, EDT 478.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ti-(ku")face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thatface="Times New Roman Star"тот


face="Times New Roman Star"tegeface="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) tigi (Bulgat), tik (Ettuhf.)



face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) s?u"-tki,s?u"tu"ki, bitiki 'вот этот' (Akhaltek.)face="Times New Roman Star"tege; i>-di 'so, thus'



face="Times New Roman Star"i-ti 'this'face="Times New Roman Star"i-ti 'this'face="Times New Roman Star"do":face="Times New Roman Star"te:face="Times New Roman Star"tigiface="Times New Roman Star"tigi (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tege
face="Times New Roman Star"te bu 'this here', te o 'that there'

face="Times New Roman Star"du"g|u", tu":
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 479, Ra"sa"nen 1957, 36, Котвич 1962, 142, Stachowski 129.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tilgenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wheelface="Times New Roman Star"колесоface="Times New Roman Star"tilgen, tilken (OUygh.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 499.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tint-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to searchface="Times New Roman Star"искать, обыскивать

face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) dindik-le- (SDD 1, 440)face="Times New Roman Star"tente-face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tint- (CCum.)face="Times New Roman Star"tinti-face="Times New Roman Star"tinti-

face="Times New Roman Star"tinte-

face="Times New Roman Star"tinti-, dial. tyndy- (Баск. Леб., Баск. Кум.)





face="Times New Roman Star"tint-face="Times New Roman Star"tinti-face="Times New Roman Star"tint-face="Times New Roman Star"tente-face="Times New Roman Star"tint-
face="Times New Roman Star"tint-face="Times New Roman Star"tint-
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ntu"-, tu"nt-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 481, ЭСТЯ 8.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tin|(mi)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sound 2 to talk 3 to grumbleface="Times New Roman Star"1 звук 2 говорить 3 ворчать
face="Times New Roman Star"[tynma 'do not speak' (MK - Oghuz.)]face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 2, Osm. tyn-, dyn- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-syz 'wordless'face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tyn- 2 (Houts.)


face="Times New Roman Star"din- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"t@mel- 3


face="Times New Roman Star"c?@n- 2, c?@m-s@r 'wordless'face="Times New Roman Star"tin|ij- 'to produce loud thumping sounds'
face="Times New Roman Star"din|mi 'rumble, thunder'










face="Times New Roman Star"Мудрак Дисс. 86, EDT 514. Clauson regards the Oghuz verb as a metaphor from tyn- 'breathe', which is hardly the case (although some contaminations with this root, as well as with *Tim- 'silent', were possible).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Titir (? -y-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"female camelface="Times New Roman Star"самка верблюдаface="Times New Roman Star"titir (OUygh. - YB)face="Times New Roman Star"titir (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"titir (Houts.)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 482, EDT 458-459.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tydynface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"time, appointed timeface="Times New Roman Star"срокface="Times New Roman Star"tydyn (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyd|yn



















face="Times New Roman Star"tyna (3 Sg. Dat.) 'промежуток рабочего времени от одной передышки до другой'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 457.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tygra- / *Tygyr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 firm, tough 2 narrow, compact, firmface="Times New Roman Star"1 крепкий, плотный 2 узкий, тесный, плотныйface="Times New Roman Star"tyg|ra-q 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyg|raq 1 (MK)






face="Times New Roman Star"dyqyz 1 (a contamination with dyq- `to stuff')

face="Times New Roman Star"tu:s 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|vъw|r 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyjys 2


face="Times New Roman Star"tyg|yz 2

face="Times New Roman Star"tyg|yz 1, 2





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 477, EDT 471.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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